o7planning

Android FrameLayout Tutorial with Examples

  1. Android FrameLayout
  2. Example of FrameLayout

1. Android FrameLayout

FrameLayout is a simple layout. It can contain one or more child View(s), and they can overlap each other. Therefore, the android:layout_gravity attribute is used to locate the child View(s).
In particular, FrameLayout has 9 gravity areas illustrated in the picture below. Note that they are imaginary areas, so it doesn't mean that the FrameLayout is physically divided into 9 parts.
When a View is added to the FrameLayout, by default, it will lie in the gravity of the "left|top". Take a look at the example below, I add 2 Button(s) to the FrameLayout, by default, they lie in the gravity of the "left|top" and you see that they are overlapping each other.
Use the android:layout_gravity attribute to adjust the button position.
The value of android:layout_gravity can be the combination of the following values:
Constant in Java
Value
Description
Gravity.LEFT
left
Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL
center_horizontal
Gravity.RIGHT
right
Gravity.CLIP_HORIZONTAL
clip_horizontal
Gravity.FILL_HORIZONTAL
fill_horizontal
Gravity.TOP
top
Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL
center_vertical
Gravity.BOTTOM
bottom
Gravity.CLIP_VERTICAL
clip_vertical
Gravity.FILL_VERTICAL
fill_vertical
Gravity.START
start
Gravity.END
end
Gravity.CENTER
center
Gravity.FILL
fill
Below is an illustration of using both a VideoView and a MediaController into a FrameLayout, which saves the application space and provides the user with a better experience.

2. Example of FrameLayout

In this example, I'm going to put an ImageView and two TextView(s) in a FrameLayout, then use the android:layout_gravity attribute to set their positions.
Example preview:
Show in Portraint screen
Show in Landscape screen
Awesome, now on Android Studio, create a project:
  • File > New > New Project > Empty Activity
    • Name: FrameLayoutExample
    • Package name: org.o7planning.framelayoutexample
    • Language: Java
Then find an image file:
halong.png
After that, copy the file to the folder "drawable" of the project:
Next, design the application interface:
Later, set some constraints for the FrameLayout:
Now set some important attributes for the ImageView to make sure that it fully fills the FrameLayout.
* imageView *
<ImageView
    android:id="@+id/imageView"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:adjustViewBounds="true"
    android:scaleType="fitXY"
    app:srcCompat="@drawable/halong" />
And set the android:layout_gravity attribute for the TextView(s):
Finally set text, and textColor for the TextView(s):
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/frameLayout"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="16dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="16dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="16dp"
        android:layout_marginRight="16dp"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent">

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imageView"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:adjustViewBounds="true"
            android:scaleType="fitXY"
            app:srcCompat="@drawable/halong" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="top|left"
            android:text="Halong Bay, Vietnam"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView2"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="bottom|right"
            android:text="Photo by intrepidtravel.com"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF" />

    </FrameLayout>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
MainActivity.java
package org.o7planning.framelayoutexample;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Gravity;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
}

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