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Bootstrap Embed Utilities Tutorial with Examples

  1. Bootstrap Embed
  2. Custom .embed-responsive-*by*

1. Bootstrap Embed

Sometimes you need to embed a media content into an HTML page, such as Video, PDF, etc. It is not prpbably suitable for all kinds of devices with different screen widths. Therefore, the Bootstrap offers usable classes to solve this problem.
<object> / PDF ...
This is a simple example using <object> to embed a PDF file into an HTML page, but the PDF display window does not match the viewport of the browser.
object-pdf-non-responsive-example.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <head>
      <meta charset="utf-8">
      <title>HTML object PDF</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <h3 class="mb-3">Non-Responsive object PDF</h3>

      <object data="example.pdf" type="application/pdf" internalinstanceid="9" title="">
         <p>
            Your browser isn't supporting embedded pdf files.
            You can download the file
            <a href="example.pdf">here</a>.
         </p>
      </object>

   </body>
</html>
<iframe> / video ...
And other simple example using <iframe> to display a Video on a HTML page. Like the above PDF example, the displayed video is incompatible to different devices
iframe-non-responsive-example.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <head>
      <meta charset="utf-8">
      <title>HTML iframe</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <h3 class="mb-3">Non-Responsive iframe</h3>

      <iframe
         src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/zpOULjyy-n8?rel=0" allowfullscreen>
      </iframe>
      
   </body>
</html>
And here's the Bootstrap solution:
  • Wrap <iframe>/<object>/.. by <div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-*by*">. Of which: (*) is a number. I will explain it in more details below.
  • Apply the .embed-responsive-item class to the <iframe>/<object>/...
<!-- object/ PDF ... -->
<div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9">
   <object class="embed-responsive-item" data="example.pdf"
      type="application/pdf" internalinstanceid="9" title="">
      <p>
         Your browser isn't supporting embedded pdf files. You can download the file
         <a href="example.pdf">here</a>
      </p>
   </object>
</div>

<!-- iframe/ Video ... -->
<div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9">
   <iframe class="embed-responsive-item"
      src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/zpOULjyy-n8?rel=0" allowfullscreen>
   </iframe>
</div>
And the result is actually not bad!
iframe-example.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <head>
      <meta charset="utf-8">
      <title>Bootstrap Embed</title>
      <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css">
   </head>
   <body>
      <h3 class="mb-3">Responsive iframe</h3>

      <div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9">
         <iframe class="embed-responsive-item"
            src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/zpOULjyy-n8?rel=0" allowfullscreen>
         </iframe>
      </div>
      
      <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.slim.min.js"></script>
      <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.14.3/umd/popper.min.js"></script>
      <script src="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
   </body>
</html>
.embed-responsive-*by*
Some classes are built in by the Bootstrap to set up the rate between the width and height of media.
  • embed-responsive-21by9
  • embed-responsive-16by9
  • embed-responsive-4by3
  • embed-responsive-1by1
.embed-responsive-*by*
<!-- 21:9 aspect ratio -->
<div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-21by9">
   <iframe class="embed-responsive-item" src="..."></iframe>
</div>

<!-- 16:9 aspect ratio -->
<div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9">
   <iframe class="embed-responsive-item" src="..."></iframe>
</div>

<!-- 4:3 aspect ratio -->
<div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-4by3">
   <iframe class="embed-responsive-item" src="..."></iframe>
</div>

<!-- 1:1 aspect ratio -->
<div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-1by1">
   <iframe class="embed-responsive-item" src="..."></iframe>
</div>

2. Custom .embed-responsive-*by*

You can create a .embed-responsive-*by* customizationclass, such as .embed-responsive-5by4.
.embed-responsive-5by4
.embed-responsive-5by4 {
  padding-bottom: 80.0%;
}
The general formula:
210:297 is the rate between the width and height of an A4 paper. And you can define the .embed-responsive-210by297 class as follows:
.embed-responsive-210by297
.embed-responsive-210by297 {
  padding-bottom: 141.42%;
}
object-pdf-responsive-example
<style>
   .embed-responsive-210by297 {
   padding-bottom: 141.42%;
   }
</style>

<div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-210by297">
<object class="embed-responsive-item" data="example.pdf"
   type="application/pdf" internalinstanceid="9" title="">
   <p>
      Your browser isn't supporting embedded pdf files. You can download the file
      <a href="example.pdf">here</a>.
   </p>
</object>
</div

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