Bootstrap Modal Tutorial with Examples

Bootstrap Modal
Modal & jQuery
Modal Events

1. Bootstrap Modal

Modal is a Dialog or a Popup. It displays over all other contents of current page. The purpose of the Modal is to notify to users of something of applications or wait for users to enter information.

Although Javascript supports some different dialogs such as Confirm, Alert, Open File, Save file,..but obviously, these dialogs can not be customized, and so you expect something better.

First, look at an example:

modal-example1.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <head>
      <meta charset="utf-8">
      <title>Modal Example</title>
      <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
   </head>
   <body>
      <!-- Button to Open the Modal -->
      <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal">
           Open modal
      </button>

      <!-- The Modal -->
      <div class="modal" id="myModal">
         <div class="modal-dialog">
            <div class="modal-content">
               <!-- Modal Header -->
               <div class="modal-header">
                  <h4 class="modal-title">Modal Heading</h4>
                  <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal">&times;</button>
               </div>
               <!-- Modal body -->
               <div class="modal-body">
                  Modal body..
               </div>
               <!-- Modal footer -->
               <div class="modal-footer">
                  <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
               </div>
            </div>
         </div>
      </div>

      <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js"></script>
      <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.12.9/umd/popper.min.js"></script>
      <script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
   </body>
  
</html>

Below is the structures of a modal. The div.modal-content element is the place where you are interested in. It consists of three zones: Header, Body & Footer, and you can customize it in all such three zones.

Modal Attributes

<div class="modal" id="myModal"
   data-backdrop="static"
   data-keyboard="false"
   tabindex="-1"
   aria-labelledby="myModalLabel"
   aria-hidden="true">
   <div class="modal-dialog">
      <div class="modal-content">
         <!-- Modal Header -->
         <div class="modal-header">
            <h4 class="modal-title">Modal Title</h4>
            <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal">&times;</button>
         </div>
         <!-- Modal body -->
         <div class="modal-body">
            Modal body..
         </div>
         <!-- Modal footer -->
         <div class="modal-footer">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
         </div>
      </div>
   </div>
</div>

Attribute	Description
data-backdrop	This attribute has two values such as true or static. By default, it is true, which means that the user can click on the background to close the Modal.
data-keyboard	This attribute has two values such as true or false, defaulted as false. If it is true, the user can close the Modal by pressing ESC.
aria-labelledby	The attribute of HTML5
aria-hidden	The attribute of HTML5

The .fade class allows you to create effects when the Modal hides or displays

.fade

<div class="modal fade" id="myModal">
   <div class="modal-dialog">
      <div class="modal-content">
        
         <div class="modal-header">
            <h4 class="modal-title">Modal Title</h4>
            <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal">&times;</button>
         </div>
        
         <div class="modal-body">
            Modal body..
         </div>
         <div class="modal-footer">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
         </div>
      </div>
   </div>
</div>

Example: create a Modal not containing "X" (Found at the top right corner of the Modal.)

Modal without X button

<div class="modal" id="myModal">
   <div class="modal-dialog">
      <div class="modal-content">
         <div class="modal-header">
            <h4 class="modal-title">Modal Title</h4>
         </div>
         <div class="modal-body">
            Modal body..
         </div>
         <div class="modal-footer">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
         </div>
      </div>
   </div>
</div>

2. Modal & jQuery

You can use JQuery to interact with the Modal, for instance, hide or display the Modal.

$('#myModal').modal('toggle');
$('#myModal').modal('show');
$('#myModal').modal('hide');

Or fuller:

$('#myModal').modal(options);

// Example:

var options = {
  'backdrop' : 'static',
  'keyboard' : true,
  'show' : true,
  'focus' : false
}

Option	Description
backdrop	This option has two values: true or static, defaulted as true, which means that the user can click on the background to close the Modal.
keyboard	This option has two values: true or false, defaulted as false. If it is true, the user can close the Modal by pressing ESC.
show	This option has two values: true or false, used to display or hide the Modal.
focus	This option has two values: true or false, defaulted as false. If it is true, the Modal will be focused when it is created.

3. Modal Events

Some events are fired when the Modal opens or closes. And you can catch these events to do something. Use the "on" method of the jQuery to bind the event with the handler.

Event	Description
show.bs.modal	This event is fired immediately before the Modal displays.
shown.bs.modal	This event is fired immediately after the Modal displays.
hide.bs.modal	This event is fired immediately before the Modal is hidden
hidden.bs.modal	This event is fired immediately after the Modal is hidden

You can handle one of the above events like below:

$('#myModal').on('shown.bs.modal', function (e) {
  alert('Modal is successfully shown!');
});

Bootstrap Modal Tutorial with Examples

1. Bootstrap Modal

2. Modal & jQuery

3. Modal Events

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