HTML Col, Colgroup Tutorial
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<col> and <colgroup> tags represents for a column and a column group of a table.
<colgroup> is subtag of <table>. It is located after <caption>, and before <thead>, <tbody>, <tfoot>, <tr>. A table can have 0 or more <colgroup> subtags, and each <colgroup> has 0 or more <col> subtags.
If <colgroup> has no <col> subtag:
<colgroup span = "<number>"> </colgroup>
It is equivalent to:
<colgroup> <col span = "<number>" /> </colgroup>
Example:
simple-colgroup-example.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Table align</title> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <style> table, th, td { border: 1px solid black; } th, td { padding: 10px; } </style> </head> <body> <h2>HTML colgroup</h2> <table> <colgroup> <col span ="3" style="background-color:lightblue"> </colgroup> <tr> <th>No</th> <th>ISBN</th> <th>Title</th> <th>Price</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>3476896</td> <td>My first HTML</td> <td>$53</td> <td>..</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>5869207</td> <td>My first CSS</td> <td>$49</td> <td>..</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>
Example, a table has many <colgroup>:
colgroup-example.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>HTML Colgroup, Col</title> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <style> table, th, td { border: 1px solid black; } th, td { padding: 10px; } </style> </head> <body> <h2>HTML Colgroup, Col</h2> <table> <colgroup> <col style="background-color:lightgreen;width: 50px;"/> </colgroup> <colgroup style="background-color:yellow;"> <col span="2"/> <col style="width: 90px;"/> </colgroup> <tr> <th>No</th> <th>ISBN</th> <th>Title</th> <th>Price</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>3476896</td> <td>My first HTML</td> <td>$53</td> <td>..</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>5869207</td> <td>My first CSS</td> <td>$49</td> <td>..</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>
Only a few CSS properties can apply to <colgroup>, <col>.
CSS border
CSS border will only work with a Collapsing Table. See the following example
CSS background-*
CSS background-* of <colgroup>, <col> only works in the places in which a table row or cell is transparent.
CSS width
Set up the width of <col>, <colgroup>.
CSS {visibility: collapse}
You can apply CSS visibility to <colgroup>, <col> but only to the {visibility:collapse} value. Other values are invalid and are ignored, or treated like {visibility:visible}.
CSS border
CSS border applying to <col>, <colgroup> works only with a Collapsing Table.
colgroup-border-example.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>HTML Colgroup, Col</title> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <style> table, th, td { border: 1px solid black; border-collapse: collapse; } th, td { padding: 10px; } </style> </head> <body> <h2>HTML Colgroup, Col</h2> <p style="color:blue; font-style:italic;"> CSS border for COL, COLGROUP works only in Collasing Table. </p> <table> <colgroup> <col style="background-color:lightgreen;width: 50px;"/> </colgroup> <colgroup style="background-color:yellow; border: 3px solid red;"> <col span="2"/> <col style="width: 90px;"/> </colgroup> <tr> <th>No</th> <th>ISBN</th> <th>Title</th> <th>Price</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>3476896</td> <td>My first HTML</td> <td>$53</td> <td>..</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>5869207</td> <td>My first CSS</td> <td>$49</td> <td>..</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>