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HTML Col, Colgroup Tutorial
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<col> and <colgroup> tags represents for a column and a column group of a table.
<colgroup> is subtag of <table>. It is located after <caption>, and before <thead>, <tbody>, <tfoot>, <tr>. A table can have 0 or more <colgroup> subtags, and each <colgroup> has 0 or more <col> subtags.
If <colgroup> has no <col> subtag:
<colgroup span = "<number>"> </colgroup>
It is equivalent to:
<colgroup>
<col span = "<number>" />
</colgroup>
Example:
simple-colgroup-example.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Table align</title>
<meta charset="UTF-8"/>
<style>
table, th, td {
border: 1px solid black;
}
th, td {
padding: 10px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>HTML colgroup</h2>
<table>
<colgroup>
<col span ="3" style="background-color:lightblue">
</colgroup>
<tr>
<th>No</th>
<th>ISBN</th>
<th>Title</th>
<th>Price</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>3476896</td>
<td>My first HTML</td>
<td>$53</td>
<td>..</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>5869207</td>
<td>My first CSS</td>
<td>$49</td>
<td>..</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Example, a table has many <colgroup>:
colgroup-example.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Colgroup, Col</title>
<meta charset="UTF-8"/>
<style>
table, th, td {
border: 1px solid black;
}
th, td {
padding: 10px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>HTML Colgroup, Col</h2>
<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="background-color:lightgreen;width: 50px;"/>
</colgroup>
<colgroup style="background-color:yellow;">
<col span="2"/>
<col style="width: 90px;"/>
</colgroup>
<tr>
<th>No</th>
<th>ISBN</th>
<th>Title</th>
<th>Price</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>3476896</td>
<td>My first HTML</td>
<td>$53</td>
<td>..</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>5869207</td>
<td>My first CSS</td>
<td>$49</td>
<td>..</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Only a few CSS properties can apply to <colgroup>, <col>.
CSS border
CSS border will only work with a Collapsing Table. See the following example
CSS background-*
CSS background-* of <colgroup>, <col> only works in the places in which a table row or cell is transparent.
CSS width
Set up the width of <col>, <colgroup>.
CSS {visibility: collapse}
You can apply CSS visibility to <colgroup>, <col> but only to the {visibility:collapse} value. Other values are invalid and are ignored, or treated like {visibility:visible}.
CSS border
CSS border applying to <col>, <colgroup> works only with a Collapsing Table.
colgroup-border-example.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Colgroup, Col</title>
<meta charset="UTF-8"/>
<style>
table, th, td {
border: 1px solid black;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
th, td {
padding: 10px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>HTML Colgroup, Col</h2>
<p style="color:blue; font-style:italic;">
CSS border for COL, COLGROUP works only in Collasing Table.
</p>
<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="background-color:lightgreen;width: 50px;"/>
</colgroup>
<colgroup style="background-color:yellow; border: 3px solid red;">
<col span="2"/>
<col style="width: 90px;"/>
</colgroup>
<tr>
<th>No</th>
<th>ISBN</th>
<th>Title</th>
<th>Price</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>3476896</td>
<td>My first HTML</td>
<td>$53</td>
<td>..</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>5869207</td>
<td>My first CSS</td>
<td>$49</td>
<td>..</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
