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HTML URL Encoding Tutorial with Examples

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1- URL Encoding

Information can be sent from the browser to the server via a URL, which appears in the query-string part of the URL, for example:


http://example.com/somepage?searchText=abc&maxResults=10
The URL above transmits two pieces of information to the server:
  1. searchText=abc
  2. maxResults=10
But the problem is that you didn't mean so. What you really want is just convey the searchText ​​​​​​​content with the value of:
  1. searchText=abc&maxResults=10
Some characters such as (& = / ...) are special ones of the URL that you can see them in the QueryString. If you want the browser to understand those characters in the usual sense, you must encode them. The encoding rules are understood by browsers and servers; therefore, when the server receives an encoded URL, the server can decode it to get the initial values.
Character Encode
& %26
= %3d


http://example.com/somepage?searchText=abc%26maxResults%3D10
In addition to the special characters (& = / ...), there are many other characters, unprintable characters, for example, which need to be encoded so that they can be transmitted on the URL. The list below shows special characters and their URL Encoding.

2- ASCII Control Characters Encoding

Every character you see on the keyboard has a code. For example, 97 is the number of the letter 'a', 65 is the number of the letter 'A', etc. They are ordinary characters. However, there are other things on the keyboard that you sometimes do not think they are characters, such as SHIFT, TAB, ESC, ENTER and so on. In fact, these are unprintable characters.
The ASCII Table includes characters with the numbers ranging from 0 to 127, most of which are ordinary characters, the rest are ASCII control characters. They consist of characters with the numbers in the range [0-31] and the character number 127.
Decimal Hex Value Character URL Encode
0 00   %00
1 01   %01
2 02   %02
3 03   %03
4 04   %04
5 05   %05
6 06   %06
7 07   %07
8 08 backspace %08
9 09 tab %09
10 0a linefeed %0a
11 0b   %0b
12 0c   %0c
13 0d carriage return %0d
14 0e   %0e
15 0f   %0f
16 10   %10
17 11   %11
18 12   %12
19 13   %13
20 14   %14
21 15   %15
22 16   %16
23 17   %17
24 18   %18
25 19   %19
26 1a   %1a
27 1b   %1b
28 1c   %1c
29 1d   %1d
30 1e   %1e
31 1f   %1f
127 7f   %7f

3- Non-ASCII control characters encoding

Characters with the numbers from 128 to 255 are called Non-ASCII control characters.
Decimal Hex Value Character URL Encode
128 80 %80
129 81  %81
130 82 %82
131 83 ƒ %83
132 84 %84
133 85 %85
134 86 %86
135 87 %87
136 88 ˆ %88
137 89 %89
138 8a Š %8a
139 8b %8b
140 8c Œ %8c
141 8d  %8d
142 8e Ž %8e
143 8f  %8f
144 90  %90
145 91 %91
146 92 %92
147 93 %93
148 94 %94
149 95 %95
150 96 %96
151 97 %97
152 98 ˜ %98
153 99 %99
154 9a š %9a
155 9b %9b
156 9c œ %9c
157 9d  %9d
158 9e ž %9e
159 9f Ÿ %9f
160 a0   %a0
161 a1 ¡ %a1
162 a2 ¢ %a2
163 a3 £ %a3
164 a4 ¤ %a4
165 a5 ¥ %a5
166 a6 ¦ %a6
167 a7 § %a7
168 a8 ¨ %a8
169 a9 © %a9
170 aa ª %aa
171 ab « %ab
172 ac ¬ %ac
173 ad ­ %ad
174 ae ® %ae
175 af ¯ %af
176 b0 ° %b0
177 b1 ± %b1
178 b2 ² %b2
179 b3 ³ %b3
180 b4 ´ %b4
181 b5 µ %b5
182 b6 %b6
183 b7 · %b7
184 b8 ¸ %b8
185 b9 ¹ %b9
186 ba º %ba
187 bb » %bb
188 bc ¼ %bc
189 bd ½ %bd
190 be ¾ %be
191 bf ¿ %bf
192 c0 À %c0
193 c1 Á %c1
194 c2 Â %c2
195 c3 Ã %c3
196 c4 Ä %c4
197 c5 Å %c5
198 c6 Æ %v6
199 c7 Ç %c7
200 c8 È %c8
201 c9 É %c9
202 ca Ê %ca
203 cb Ë %cb
204 cc Ì %cc
205 cd Í %cd
206 ce Î %ce
207 cf Ï %cf
208 d0 Ð %d0
209 d1 Ñ %d1
210 d2 Ò %d2
211 d3 Ó %d3
212 d4 Ô %d4
213 d5 Õ %d5
214 d6 Ö %d6
215 d7 × %d7
216 d8 Ø %d8
217 d9 Ù %d9
218 da Ú %da
219 db Û %db
220 dc Ü %dc
221 dd Ý %dd
222 de Þ %de
223 df ß %df
224 e0 à %e0
225 e1 á %e1
226 e2 â %e2
227 e3 ã %e3
228 e4 ä %e4
229 e5 å %e5
230 e6 æ %e6
231 e7 ç %e7
232 e8 è %e8
233 e9 é %e9
234 ea ê %ea
235 eb ë %eb
236 ec ì %ec
237 ed í %ed
238 ee î %ee
239 ef ï %ef
240 f0 ð %f0
241 f1 ñ %f1
242 f2 ò %f2
243 f3 ó %f3
244 f4 ô %f4
245 f5 õ %f5
246 f6 ö %f6
247 f7 ÷ %f7
248 f8 ø %f8
249 f9 ù %f9
250 fa ú %fa
251 fb û %fb
252 fc ü %fc
253 fd ý %fd
254 fe þ %fe
255 ff ÿ %ff

4- Reserved Characters Encoding

The URL Encoding table shows printable reserved characters that you see on the keyboard.
Decimal Hex Value Char URL Encode
36 24 $ %24
38 26 & %26
43 2b + %2b
44 2c , %2c
47 2f / %2f
58 3a : %3a
59 3b ; %3b
61 3d = %3d
63 3f ? %3f
64 40 @ %40

5- Unsafe Characters Encoding

The URL Encoding table lists down the printable unsafe characters that you see on the keyboard.
Decimal Hex Value Char URL Encode
32 20 space %20
34 22 " %22
60 3c < %3c
62 3e > %3e
35 23 # %23
37 25 % %25
123 7b { %7b
125 7d } %7d
124 7c | %7c
92 5c \ %5c
94 5e ^ %5e
126 7e ~ %7e
91 5b [ %5b
93 5d ] %5d
96 60 ` %60

6- Javascript URL Encoding

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