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Thymeleaf Predefined Objects Tutorial

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  1. Predefined Objects
  2. Basic Objects
  3. Utility Objects

1- Predefined Objects

In Thymeleaf, there are several predefined objects and you can use them everywhere in the Thymeleaf Template. Basically there are 2 such types of objects such as Basic Objects, and  Utility Objects:
These predefined objects will be referenced according to OGNL standard, starting with the symbol (#).

2- Basic Objects

Object Class/Interface Description
#ctx org.thymeleaf.context.IContext
org.thymeleaf.context.IWebContext		 An object implements the IContext or IWebContext interface, depending on the environment (Standard or Web).
#locale java.util.Locale An object that provides information related to Locale.
#request javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest (Only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object.
#response javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse (Only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object.
#session javax.servlet.http.HttpSession (Only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object.
#servletContext javax.servlet.http.ServletContext (Only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.

#ctx

#ctx is a Context object). It implements org.thymeleaf.context.IContext or org.thymeleaf.context.IWebContext interface, depending on environment (Standard or Web).
Two other objects such as #vars, #root are also similar to #ctx but #ctx is encouraged to use instead of 2 other objects.
Depending on the standard or web environment, the #ctx object can provide you with information:
<!--
 * ===============================================
 * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.context.IContext
 * ===============================================
 -->

${#ctx.locale}
${#ctx.variableNames}

<!--
 * ================================================
 * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.context.IWebContext
 * ================================================
  -->

${#ctx.request}
${#ctx.response}
${#ctx.session}
${#ctx.servletContext}
In the Spring environment, the #ctx object doesn't operate as expected, ${#ctx.locale}, ${#ctx.request}, ${#ctx.response}, ${#ctx.request}, ${#ctx.servletContext} always returns null. You should use the #locale, #request, #response, #servletContext objects for replacement.

#locale

The #locale (java.util.Locale) object gives you the information on the environment in which it is operating, for example,  geographic area, language, culture, digital format, date and time format, ...
predefined-object-locale.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
   <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8" />
      <title>Predefined Objects</title>
   </head>
   <body>
       <h1>Predefined Object #locale</h1>
       
       <h3>#locale.locale</h3>
       <span th:utext="${#locale.country}"></span>
       
       <h3>#locale.language</h3>
       <span th:utext="${#locale.language}"></span>
     
       
   </body>
</html>

#request

predefined-object-request.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
   <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8" />
      <title>Predefined Objects</title>
   </head>
   <body>
       <h1>Predefined Object #request</h1>
      
       <h3>#request.contextPath</h3>
       <span th:utext="${#request.contextPath}"></span>
      
       <h3>#request.requestURI</h3>
       <span th:utext="${#request.requestURI}"></span>
      
       <h3>#request.requestURL</h3>
       <span th:utext="${#request.requestURL}"></span>
    
      
   </body>
</html>

#response

predefined-object-response.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
   <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8" />
      <title>Predefined Objects</title>
   </head>
   <body>
       <h1>Predefined Object #response</h1>
      
       <h3>#response.headerNames  (java.utils.Enumeration)</h3>
       <ul>
          <th:block  th:each="headerName : ${#request.headerNames}">
            <li th:utext="${headerName}">Header Name</li>
          </th:block>
       </ul>  
      
   </body>
</html>

#servletContext

predefined-object-servletContext.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
   <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8" />
      <title>Predefined Objects</title>
   </head>
   <body>
       <h1>Predefined Object #servletContext</h1>
      
       <h3>#servletContext.attributeNames (java.utils.Enumeration)</h3>
      
       <ul>
          <th:block th:each="attrName : ${#servletContext.attributeNames}">
            <li th:utext="${attrName}">Attribute Name</li>
            <li th:utext="${#servletContext.getAttribute(attrName)}">Attribute Value</li>
          </th:block>
       </ul>  
      
   </body>
  
</html>

#session

Spring Controller
// ....

@RequestMapping("/predefined-object-session")
public String objectSession(HttpServletRequest request) {
 
   HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        
   session.setAttribute("mygreeting", "Hello Everyone!");
        
   return "predefined-object-session";
}
predefined-object-session.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
   <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8" />
      <title>Predefined Objects</title>
   </head>
   <body>
       <h1>Predefined Object #session</h1>
      
       <h3>#session.getAttribute('mygreeting')</h3>
      
       <span th:utext="${#session.getAttribute('mygreeting')}"></span>  
      
      
   </body>
  
</html>

3- Utility Objects

Object Class/Interface Description
#execInfo org.thymeleaf.expression.ExecutionInfo Information about the template being processed.
#messages org.thymeleaf.expression.Messages Methods for working with messages.
#uris org.thymeleaf.expression.Uris Methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
#conversions org.thymeleaf.expression.Conversions Methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any).
#dates javax.servlet.http.HttpSession Methods to format the java.util.Date object, or get related information such as date, month, year, ..
#calendars javax.servlet.http.ServletContext Analogous to #dates, but for java.util.Calendar objects.
#numbers org.thymeleaf.expression.Numbers Methods for formatting numeric objects.
#strings org.thymeleaf.expression.Strings Methods for String objects. For example: contains, startsWith, etc.
#objects org.thymeleaf.expression.Objects Methods for objects in general.
#bools org.thymeleaf.expression.Bools Methods for boolean evaluation.
#arrays org.thymeleaf.expression.Arrays Methods for arrays.
#lists org.thymeleaf.expression.Lists Methods for lists.
#sets org.thymeleaf.expression.Sets Methods for sets.
#maps org.thymeleaf.expression.Maps Methods for maps.
#aggregates org.thymeleaf.expression.Aggregates Methods for summing, averaging, .. on a set (collection) or array (array).
#ids org.thymeleaf.expression.Ids Methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration).
See also:

#execInfo

The object helps you get the information about the Template being processed.
@RequestMapping("/predefined-u-object-execInfo")
public String execInfo_object() {

 return "predefined-u-object-execInfo";
}
predefined-u-object-execInfo.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
   <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8" />
      <title>Predefined Objects</title>
   </head>
   <body>
       <h1>#execInfo</h1>
       
       <h3>#execInfo.templateMode</h3>
       
       <span th:utext="${#execInfo.templateMode}"></span>  
       
       <h3>#execInfo.templateName</h3>
       
       <span th:utext="${#execInfo.templateName}"></span>
       
       
       <h3>#execInfo.now (java.util.Calendar)</h3>
       
       <span th:utext="${#execInfo.now}"></span>
       
       
   </body>
   
</html>

#uris

Provide methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
predefined-u-object-uris.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
   <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8" />
      <title>Predefined Objects</title>
   </head>
   <body>
       <h1>#uris</h1>  
       
       
       <h4>#uris.escapePath('https://example.com?user=Tom&gender=Male')</h4>
       
       
       <span th:utext="${#uris.escapePath('https://example.com?user=Tom&gender=Male')}"></span>
       
       
       <h4>#uris.unescapePath('https://example.com%3Fuser=Tom&gender=Male')</h4>
       
       
       <span th:utext="${#uris.unescapePath('https://example.com%3Fuser=Tom&gender=Male')}"></span>  
        
       
   </body>
   
</html>

#dates

Provide methods to format the java.util.Date object, or get the relevant information such as date, month, year, ..
predefined-u-object-dates.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Predefined Objects</title>
</head>

<body>
    <h1>#dates</h1>

    <!-- Create a variable 'now' (java.util.Date), it exists in block -->
    <th:block th:with="now = ${#dates.createNow()}">

        <span th:utext="${now}"></span>

        <h4>#dates.format(now, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')</h4>

        <span th:utext="${#dates.format( now , 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')}">Date String</span>

        <h4>#dates.year(now)</h4>
        <span th:utext="${#dates.year(now)}">Year</span>

        <h4>#dates.month(now)</h4>
        <span th:utext="${#dates.month(now)}">Month</span>

    </th:block>

</body>

</html>

#calendars

Provide methods to format the java.util.Calendar object, or get related information such as date, month, year, ..
predefined-u-object-calendars.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Predefined Objects</title>
</head>

<body>
    <h1>#calendars</h1>

    <!-- Create a variable 'now' (java.util.Calendar), it exists in block -->
    <th:block th:with="now = ${#calendars.createNow()}">

        <span th:utext="${now}"></span>

        <h4>#calendars.format(now, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')</h4>

        <span th:utext="${#dates.format( now , 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')}">Date String</span>

        <h4>#dates.year(now)</h4>
        <span th:utext="${#dates.year(now)}">Year</span>

        <h4>#dates.month(now)</h4>
        <span th:utext="${#dates.month(now)}">Month</span>

    </th:block>

</body>

</html>

#numbers

Provide methods for formatting numeric objects.
predefined-u-object-numbers.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Predefined Objects</title>
</head>

<body>
    <h1>#numbers</h1>
     

    <!-- Create a Number, it exists in block -->
   <th:block th:with="num = 12345.987654">
         
   
        <h4>num</h4>
        <span th:utext="${num}">Number</span>
        

        <h4>${#numbers.formatInteger(num,3)}</h4>

        <span th:utext="${#numbers.formatInteger(num,3)}">Number</span>

        <h4>${#numbers.formatInteger(num,3,'POINT')}</h4>
        <span th:utext="${#numbers.formatInteger(num,3,'POINT')}">Number</span>

        <h4>${#numbers.formatDecimal(num,3,'POINT',2,'COMMA')}</h4>
        <span th:utext="${#numbers.formatDecimal(num,3,'POINT',2,'COMMA')}">Number</span>

    </th:block>

</body>

</html>

#strings

#objects

Provide methods for objects in general. 
@RequestMapping("/predefined-u-object-objects")
public String objects_object(Model model) {
    
    // An array store null values.
    String[] colors = new String[] {"red", "blue", null, "green", null, "red"};
    
    model.addAttribute("colors", colors);

    return "predefined-u-object-objects";
}
predefined-u-object-objects.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Predefined Objects</title>
</head>

<body>
    <h1>#objects</h1>  
    
   
    <h4>#objects.arrayNullSafe(colors,'white')</h4>
    <ul>
        <li th:each="color : ${#objects.arrayNullSafe(colors,'white')}"
            th:utext="${color}"></li>
    </ul>
    
    <h4>And other methods..</h4>
</body>

</html>

#bools

Provide methods for boolean evaluation. 
@RequestMapping("/predefined-u-object-bools")
public String bools_object(Model model) {
    
    // An array store null values.
    String[] colors = new String[] {"red", null , "blue"};
    
    model.addAttribute("colors", colors);

    return "predefined-u-object-bools";
}
predefined-u-object-bools.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Predefined Objects</title>
</head>

<body>
    <h1>#bools</h1>  
    
    <h4>Array: colors</h4>
    <ul>
        <li th:each="color : ${colors}"
            th:utext="${color}"></li>
    </ul>
    
    <h4>#bools.arrayIsTrue(colors)</h4>
    <ul>
        <li th:each="color : ${#bools.arrayIsTrue(colors)}"
            th:utext="${color}"></li>
    </ul>
   
    <h4>#bools.arrayIsFalse(colors)</h4>
    <ul>
        <li th:each="color : ${#bools.arrayIsFalse(colors)}"
            th:utext="${color}"></li>
    </ul>
    
    <h4>And other methods..</h4>
</body>

</html>

#arrays

Provide methods for arrays. 
@RequestMapping("/predefined-u-object-arrays")
public String arrays_object(Model model) {
    
    String[] colors = new String[] {"red", null , "blue"};
    
    model.addAttribute("colors", colors);

    return "predefined-u-object-arrays";
}
predefined-u-object-arrays.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Predefined Objects</title>
</head>

<body>
    <h1>#arrays</h1>  
    
    <h4>Array: colors</h4>
    <ul>
        <li th:each="color : ${colors}"
            th:utext="${color}"></li>
    </ul>
    
    <h4>#arrays.isEmpty(colors)</h4>
    <span th:utext="${#arrays.isEmpty(colors)}"></span>
   
    <h4>#arrays.length(colors)</h4>
    <span th:utext="${#arrays.length(colors)}"></span>
    
    
    <h4>#arrays.contains(colors,'red')</h4>
    <span th:utext="${#arrays.contains(colors,'red')}"></span>
    
    
    <h4>And other methods..</h4>
</body>

</html>

#lists

Provide methods for lists. 
@RequestMapping("/predefined-u-object-lists")
public String lists_object(Model model) {
    
    String[] array = new String[] {"red", "blue", "green"};
    
    List<String> colors = Arrays.asList(array);
    
    model.addAttribute("colors", colors);

    return "predefined-u-object-lists";
}
predefined-u-object-lists.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Predefined Objects</title>
</head>

<body>
    <h1>#lists</h1>  
    
    <h4>List: colors</h4>
    <ul>
        <li th:each="color : ${colors}"
            th:utext="${color}"></li>
    </ul>
    <h4>#lists.sort(colors)</h4>
    <ul>
        <li th:each="color : ${#lists.sort(colors)}"
            th:utext="${color}"></li>
    </ul>
    
    
    <h4>#lists.isEmpty(colors)</h4>
    <span th:utext="${#lists.isEmpty(colors)}"></span>
   
    <h4>#lists.size(colors)</h4>
    <span th:utext="${#lists.size(colors)}"></span>
    
    
    <h4>#lists.contains(colors,'red')</h4>
    <span th:utext="${#lists.contains(colors,'red')}"></span>
    
    
    <h4>And other methods..</h4>
</body>

</html>

#sets

Provide methods for sets. 
@RequestMapping("/predefined-u-object-sets")
public String sets_object(Model model) {
    
    Set<String> colors = new HashSet<String>();
    colors.add("red");
    colors.add("blue");
    colors.add("green");
    
    model.addAttribute("colors", colors);

    return "predefined-u-object-sets";
}
predefined-u-object-sets.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Predefined Objects</title>
</head>

<body>
    <h1>#sets</h1>  
    
    <h4>List: colors</h4>
    <ul>
        <li th:each="color : ${colors}"
            th:utext="${color}"></li>
    </ul>
    
    <h4>#sets.isEmpty(colors)</h4>
    <span th:utext="${#sets.isEmpty(colors)}"></span>
   
    <h4>#sets.size(colors)</h4>
    <span th:utext="${#sets.size(colors)}"></span>
    
    
    <h4>#sets.contains(colors,'red')</h4>
    <span th:utext="${#sets.contains(colors,'red')}"></span>
    
    
    <h4>And other methods..</h4>
</body>

</html>

#maps

Provide methods for maps. 
@RequestMapping("/predefined-u-object-maps")
public String maps_object(Model model) {
    
    Map<String,String> contacts = new HashMap<String,String>();
    contacts.put("111 222","Tom");
    contacts.put("111 333","Jerry");
    contacts.put("111 444","Donald");
    
    model.addAttribute("contacts", contacts);

    return "predefined-u-object-maps";
}
predefined-u-object-maps.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Predefined Objects</title>
</head>

<body>
    <h1>#maps</h1>  
    
    <h4>Map: contacts</h4>
    
    
    <h4>#maps.isEmpty(contacts)</h4>
    <span th:utext="${#maps.isEmpty(contacts)}"></span>
   
    <h4>#maps.size(contacts)</h4>
    <span th:utext="${#maps.size(contacts)}"></span> 
    
    <h4>And other methods..</h4>
</body>

</html>

#aggregates

Cung cấp các phương thức để tính tổng, giá trị trung bình,.. trên một tập hợp (collection) hoặc một mảng (array).
#aggregates
@RequestMapping("/predefined-u-object-aggregates")
public String aggregates_object(Model model) {
    
    double[] salaries = new double[] {100, 200, 500};
    
    model.addAttribute("salaries", salaries);

    return "predefined-u-object-aggregates";
}
predefined-u-object-aggregates.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Predefined Objects</title>
</head>

<body>
    <h1>#aggregates</h1>  
    
    <h4>Array: salaries</h4>
    <ul>
        <li th:each="salary : ${salaries}"
            th:utext="${salary}"></li>
    </ul>
    
    <h4>#aggregates.avg(salaries)</h4>
    <span th:utext="${#aggregates.avg(salaries)}"></span>
   
    <h4>#aggregates.sum(salaries)</h4>
    <span th:utext="${#aggregates.sum(salaries)}"></span>
    
    
</body>

</html>

#ids

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