Table Of Content
Python Tutorial for Beginners
View more Tutorials:
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1- Requirements
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Make sure that your computer has already installed Python and a tool (IDE) for Python programming (E.g: PyDev). If not, you can see the guides below:
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Windows:
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Ubuntu
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2- Create Project
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From Eclipse, let's select:
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- File/New/Other..
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Use "Grammar Version" 3.x
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Note: Here I use "Grammar Version 3.6", the Grammar Versions of Python are a bit different, you can see more at:
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Project was created.
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3- Create your first module
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On Eclipse select:
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- File/New/File
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Enter name of file:
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- main.py
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Add content to main.py:
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main.py
print ("Hello Python!"); x = 5; y = 10; z = 20; print (x + y + z);
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Run the main.py file by right-clicking it and select:
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- Run As/Python Run
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The result received when running main.py:
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4- Python Module and Python Package
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A Python module is simply a Python source file, which can expose classes, functions and global variables.
When imported from another Python source file, the file name is treated as a namespace. -
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A Python package is simply a directory of Python module(s).
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Create a "package":
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When you create a package named "org.o7planning.test", there are 3 folders created including "org", "o7planning", "test". Each of folders has a file already been created named "__init__.py". "__init__.py" folders have no content inside but they ask Python to treat the folders containing it as a "package".
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You can create a module inside package, for example, I create a module named as "mymodule.py" inside the "org.o7planning.test" package:
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And in another module, you can import "mymodule" to use it with the syntax:
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# Import module "mymodule" in package "org.o7planning.test" import org.o7planning.test.mymodule
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Or import a class "myclass" in the "mymodule" module:
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# Import a class in module. from org.o7planning.test.mymodule import myclass
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5- Examples
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math is a module that is available in Python. It contains mathematical functions. To use it you need to import it. Here are some functions of this module:
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Function Description math.floor(x) Return the floor of x as a float, the largest integer value less than or equal to x. math.fabs(x) Return the absolute value of x. -
See more functions of math:
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importExample1.py
# This will import math module import math # math.floor(x) # Return the floor of x as a float, # the largest integer value less than or equal to x. print ("math.floor(100.12) : ", math.floor( 100.12) ) # Return the absolute value. print ("math.fabs(-100.72) : ", math.fabs( -100.72) )
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Create a module named "mymodule" and place it in the "org.o7planning.test" package. In the mymodule defines a function named sayHello.
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NOTE: In this tutorial I do not introduce the details of the function. If you are beginner with Python, you do not need to worry about that.
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mymodule.py
# Define a function, with one parameter # and return a string. def sayHello(name) : return "Hello "+ name # Using sayHello function. text = sayHello("Python") print(text)
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Run mymodule:
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In another module you want to use the sayHello function of "mymodule" you need to import this module, or just import the sayHello function of this module.
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import module:
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importExample2.py
# Import module. import org.o7planning.test.mymodule # Call sayHello function of mymodule: greeting = org.o7planning.test.mymodule.sayHello("Python") print(greeting)
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Import function:
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importExample3.py
# Import sayHello function. from org.o7planning.test.mymodule import sayHello # Call sayHello function of mymodule: greeting = sayHello("Python") print(greeting)
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6- Lookup Python Documentation